In natural conception, a sperm needs to find its way into the egg. To accomplish this, it has to reach the site of fertilisation, bind to the egg, tunnel through the shell and fuse with the egg membrane.
However, in some cases, the sperm may be unable to swim or penetrate the outer layer of the egg. Thus, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), a technique which is done alongside IVF treatment, is crucial for fertilisation.
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