Maximising natural fertility is crucial for couples looking to conceive without assisted reproductive techniques like IVF. While fertility treatments offer solutions, optimising reproductive health naturally can improve conception chances. Understanding ovulation timing, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and addressing potential fertility barriers early can significantly impact fertility outcomes.

Fertility and Ageing: Why Timing Matters

Age is a significant factor in fertility, particularly for women. Female fertility peaks in the late 20s and gradually declines after 30, with a more rapid drop after 35. This decline is due to a reduction in egg quantity and quality, increasing the risk of miscarriage and genetic abnormalities.

Men also experience reduced fertility over time, with declining sperm count and motility, but at a slower pace than women.

Thus, women are advised to start their family early (late 20s to early 30s). If the female partner is above 35 years old, earlier evaluation by a fertility specialist is warranted after trying unsuccessfully for 6 months.

Understanding the Fertile Window

The fertile window refers to the days when conception is most likely—typically five days before and including ovulation. Couples should aim for regular intercourse during this time to optimise natural conception.

For those with irregular cycles, tracking ovulation using basal body temperature, ovulation predictor kits, or ovulation induction can help regulate and predict ovulation more accurately, increasing the chances of conception.

Lifestyle and Diet: Enhancing Reproductive Health

• Nutrition: A fertility-friendly diet includes leafy greens, lean proteins, whole grains, and omega-3 fatty acids. Folic acid is essential for early pregnancy, reducing the risk of neural tube defects.
• Exercise: Regular moderate exercise maintains a healthy BMI, which is linked to better fertility outcomes. However, excessive exercise may disrupt ovulation.
• Avoiding Toxins: Smoking, excessive alcohol, and caffeine intake can negatively affect both male and female fertility.

Optimising Intercourse Timing for Conception

The frequency of intercourse plays a crucial role in fertility. Daily or alternate-day intercourse during the fertile window improves conception rates.

Common Fertility Misconceptions

• Sex Position Myths: No scientific evidence supports any specific sexual position which can enhance conception.
• Lying Down After Intercourse: While sperm reach the fallopian tubes within minutes, lying down for prolonged periods after sex does not significantly increase pregnancy chances.
• Frequent Ejaculation: Does not reduce fertility; instead, regular ejaculation maintains optimal sperm health.

When to Seek Fertility Consultation

If conception does not occur within 12 months (or six months for women over 35), consulting a fertility expert is advised. An assessment may identify underlying conditions such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or male factor infertility.

For couples needing assistance, advanced reproductive techniques such as IVF and embryo transfer provide effective solutions.

Final Thoughts on Natural Fertility

Natural fertility can be optimised through proper timing, diet, and lifestyle adjustments. Being proactive about reproductive health can significantly improve the chances of conception.

Meet Our Fertility Specialists

Dr Chua Ka-Hee

Consultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, Fertility Specialist

MBBS (Singapore), MRCOG (UK)